Shock absorber



June 1930. F. 1'. ELLIOTT 1,767,059

SHOCK ABSORBER Filed Sept. 11, 1928 2 SheetsSheet 1 I 2 Invenlfor: 1 E'ederwk I'EZI/wZt,

m W y F. T. ELLIOTT SHOCK ABSORBER June 24, 1930.

Filed Sept. 11, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet I Patented June 24, 1930 UNVETED STATES FREDERICK T. ELLIOTT,TOF vSO1V]:ERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS snocxnnsonnnn Application filed September 11, 1928. i Serial No. 305,261.

This invention relates to shock absorbers for automobiles, the object of the invention being the production of an inexpensivebut efficient device of this character which will 6 be double acting and in which :an automatic valve in the oscillating shaft will control the entire operation of the device and the movement of the car springs will be" retarded gradually during the compression and recoil of said springs.

This object is attained by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

For the purpose of illustrating the inven tion one preferred form thereof is illustrated in the drawings, this form having been found to give satisfactory and reliable results although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalities of whichthe invention consists can bevariously arranged and organized, and the invention is not limited to the precise arrangement and organization of these instrumentalities as herein shown and described except as, required by the scope of the appended claims. Of the drawings:: l

Figure 1 represents an elevation of a shock absorber embodying the principles of the present invention.

Figure 2 represents a transverse section of same on line 2, 2, on Fig. 1.' Figure 3 represents a vertical section on line 3,3, on Fig. 2 with the movable blade inits normal position. 7 I

Figure 4 represents a'similar 'sectionon line 3, 3, on Fig. 2 showing said blade at the extreme of its movement. I

Figure o 'represents a section on line'5,5, on Fig. 2" with the blade atthe extreme of its movement, and

Figures 6 and 7 represent details of por tions of the oscillatingshaft and bladeto'be hereinafter referred to. Similar characters indicatev like part throughout the several figures of the drawingg, l I 1 In thedrawings, 10 is a cylindrical cas ing having acover 11 securedthereto; 1 This cover 11' is provided with a hub 12 in which is a bearing I3 for an oscillating shaft 14. r Y

The outer end of the shaft 14 has secured theretoan arm 15, the outer end of which at 16 has pivotallyconnected thereto one end of an adjustable connector the opposite end of which is pivotally connected at 18 to an arm 19 secured to part 2O of the frame of the automobile.

The casing 10 is provided with ears 21 by which said casing maybe secured to the body of the automobile'in any well known manner. V

The shaft 14 extends through a stufling box 22 of usual construction;

The end wall of the casing 10 has threaded thereto a stud 23 which is fixed fromrotation. i

This stud 23 extends across the cylindrical inner chamber 24 formed in-the casing 10 and iscentrally disposed therein. a z

*Thestud 23 is fitted into asocket 25 formed in the inner end of the oscillating shaft14.

In thestud 23 are formed two diametrical passages 26 and 27, the passage 27 having a diameter less than that of the passage 26.

' The inner end of the shaft'14 extends into a depression 28 formed in the end wall of the casing 10.

Disposed within thechamber 24 is a partition29 extending from the'cylindrical wall of the chamber 24 and contacting at-its inner end; with" the periphery of the oscillating shaft 14. J

,This oscillating shaft 14 is provided with aradial blade 30', the outer end of which I contacts with the cylindrical wall of the chamber'24andfthe opposite ends of which contact "with the end wall of the-casing l0 and the innerface of thecover 11. a

.Th'e partition29 and the blade. 30 .coact to divide the chamber24 intotwo compartments. I i s... 7 During the oscillation of the shaft 14 the blade 30 is adapted to' move through an angle of; about 90 degrees from the position shown in 3v to, the position indicated in Fig.4.. The partition 29 has an opening 31 extending therethrough, normally closed by: a

threaded plug 32 extending through the cylindrical wall of the casing 10.

By removing this plug 32 the chamber 24 may be filled with any desired liquid, the plug 32 being replaced when the chamber has been filled.

' A small hole 33 extends through the oscillating shaft 14: and forms a communication or bypass between the two compartments of the chamber 2i and is open at all times. 1

This hole is smaller than the passage 27 which in turn is smaller than the passage 26.

The oscillating shaft 14: is provided with oppositely disposed ports 3% and which are adapted to register with the passages 26 and 27 respectievly during the oscilla tion of said shaft ll. v

These ports are triangular and their apexes are oppositely disposed as indicated clearly in Figs. 6 and 7 ofthe drawings.

The-passage 26 has anenlarged chamber 36 in which is disposed aball 37 and a pin 38 extending across this chamber 36 prevents the displacement of said ball.

The normal position of the-blade 30 is'as indicated in Fig. 3but when the car springs are compressed and the body of the car moves downwardly relatively to the frame 20, said blade 30 will be moved in the direction ofthearrowa on said Fig. 3. i

- hen this blade 30 starts to move in the direction ofthe arrows, the oppositely disposed ports 3 l will befully opened and the liquid in the, right hand compartment of the chamber 2% will flow through the passage 26 causing the ball 37- to be forced against the pin 38. 7

As the ball 37 is of considerable less diam eter than the diameter of the chamber 36 the liquid will freely pass from the right hand compartment to the left hand compartment of said chamber 24'.

As the blade 30 continues to move inthe direction of the arrow at, the .ports 34; will be closed gradually owing ,to thetriangular shape of said ports so that when said blade, reaches the, position indicated in Figs. fl and 5. of the drawings these ports 34 will be wholly closed. p

l/ hen the blade 30 starts tomove in'the direction of the arrow athe oppositely dis posed ports registering with the passage 27 will bei wholly closechbut as theblade continues tom'ove in said direction the ports will be gradually opened until the blade 30 reaches the positionindicated in Fig. 5'

vhensaid ports35 will be fully opened'pen mitting free flow of the liquid in the chamher 2% from one compartmentto the other. --In the returnmovement of the blade 30 caused by the recoil of the car springs or in the direction opposite 'to that indicated by he arrow a, the liquid in the left hand com partment will be admitted to the chamber 36 forcing the ball Valve 37 to its seat thereby closing the passage 26 and preventing any liquid from flowing through said passa e.

%t is obvious, therefore, that liquid can pass. through the passage 26 in only one direction.

During this reverse movement of the blade 30 the liquid in the left hand compartment must flow into the right hand compartment through the passage 27 which is fully opened at the start of the blade 30 in the reverse direction but which gradually closes until the blade reaches the position indicated in Fig. 3 when saidpassage 27 is wholly closed.

I Owing to thetriangular shape of the ports 34, 35 and the gradual closing of the pass ages 26,27 during the rotation of shaft 14 all shock effectually'prevented both when the car springs are compressing or when recoiling. p i

It is self-evident, therefore, that a double acting shock absorber is provided taking up the shock when the body of the vehicle is moving downwardly and gradually-retarding its movement in the opposite direction.

It is believed that the operation and many advantages of the invention will be understood without further description. is

Having thus described by invention, I claim I i s y I I p 1. The combination of a casing having an inner chamber with a cylindrical wall; an oscillating shaft extending through a wall of said casing and across said chamber; a blade thereon with its sides and ends contacting with the walls of said chamber extending from said shaftto the wall of said chamber; a partition in said chamber coacting with said blade to divide said chamber into two compartments; and a member within said shaft having two passages connecting said compartments'and adapted {to be opened and closed by the oscillation of said shaft. V h

The combination of a casing having'an inner chamber with a cylindrical wall; an oscillating shaft extending through a wall of said casing and across said chambera blade thereon with "its sides and ends contacting with the walls of said chamber extending from said shaft tothe wall of said chamher;:'a partition in said chamber coactingwith said blade to divide the chamber into two compartments; anda memberwithin said shaft having two passagesconnecting said; compartments one .iof which is adapted to be opened and the other closed when said blade is movedinone direction.

3. The combination of a casinghaving an inner chamber with a cylindrical wall; an oscillating shaft extendi'ngthrough a wall of said casing and across said chamber; a

blade thereon with its sides and ends C011, tacting with the. walls of said chamber; a partition in said chamber coacting withsaid blade to divide the chamberv into two compartments; and a fixed member disposed within said shaft'and having two passages connecting. :said compartments one of which is adapted to be opened gradually andthe other closed gradually when said blade is moved in one direction.

. L 4. The combination ofa casing having an inner chamber with a cylindrical wall; an oscillating shaft extending through a wall ofsaid casing and acrosssaidchamber; a blade thereon. with its sides and ends contacting with the :walls .of said chamber; a partition insaid chamber coacting with said blade to divide the chamber into two com partments; aifixed member disposed within said shaft and having two passages con-. necting said compartments and adapted to be opened-and closed by the oscillation of said shaft; and a bypass in said shaft between said compartments which is always open. 7

5. The combination of a casing having an inner chamber with a cylindrical wall; an oscillating shaft extending through a wall of said casing and across said chamber; a blade thereon with its sides and ends contacting with the walls of said chamber; a

partition in said chamber coacting with said blade to dlvide the chamber into two compartments; and a fixed cylindrical member fitted to a socket in said shaft and having two passages connecting said compartments one of which is adapted to be opened gradually and the other closed gradually when said blade is movedin one direction While the last mentioned passage is gradually opened and the first mentioned passage is wholly closed when the blade is moved in the opposite direction. 7

6. The combination of a casing having an inner chamber with a cylindrical wall; an

oscillating shaft extending through a wall of said casing and across said chamber; a blade thereon with its sides and ends contacting with the walls of said chamber; a partition in said chamber coacting with said blade to divide the chamber into two compartments; and a member having two passages connects ing said compartments and adapted to be e opened and closed by the oscillation of said shaft, one passage being larger than the other and adapted to open when the blade is moving in one direction and closed when the blade moves in the opposite jdirection the larger passage being associated with means regulating the flow of liquid therethrough.

7. The combination of a casing having an inner chamber with a cylindrical wall; an oscillating shaft extending through a wall of I said casing and across said chamber; a blade said stud andihaving thereon with its sidesand ends contacting with the, walls of said chamberfa partition coactingwith said blade to. divide the chamberintotwo compartments; a fixed cylindrical member fitted'tola socket insaidshaft and rhaving'ctwo passages'connecting said compartments and adapted to be opened and closed by the oscillation of said shaft; and

an automatic valve inone of said passages I adapted to permit the free flow. of liquid in one direction andpreventits flow in'the opposite. direction. :Y l-

8. The combination of a casing havingan inner chambertwith a cylindrical wall;-a centrally disposed stud-fixedlyisecured to an end .wall of the .casing'and extending into saidchambensaid stud having two diametrical passages therein; a check valve in one of said passages; an oscillating shaft mounted in a bearingin the other wallof the casing and provided with a socket in'its inner end fitted to said stud and :having ports therein adapted to register: with-saidpassages and graduallyclose the valved passage and gradually open the other passage when the shaft is'moving in one direction; a blade radiating from said shaft and extending to the end and mg in theother wall'of the casingand provided with a socket in its inner end fitted to ports'therein adapted to register ,with: said passages and gradually close the valved-passage and-gradually open the; other'passage duringth'e movement of said shaft in one direction; a blade radiating from saidshaftand extending to the endand I cylindrical walls of said chamber; means for moving saidblade; and'al partition coacti'ng with-said blade to divide the chamber mm e mr 'tr i n -fi I a I 10; The combination offa casing having an innerlchamber with 1 a cylindricalfwalla a centrallyijidisposed stud fixedly secured .to an end wall ofgthe casing and extending into saidchamber; said stud-having two diametrical "1p assagestherein; a -check valve in "one ofsaid passages e an oscillating shaft. mounted bearing inthe'otherfwall of the clasingFan d' providedwith a socket in its inner end fitted tosaid studandhaving ports pt'ed to register with said pas therein ada and gradually "open the other passage dursages andg'radually close the valved passage shaft extendingthrough said chamber and one wall of said casing, said shafthaving twosets of ports; a radial blade on said shaft extending to the walls of said chamber; a fixed stud extending into a socket in the inner end of said shaft andprovided with two diametrical passages adapted to register with said ports; a valve in one of said passages adapted to permit the flow of liquid in one direction only; and a partition coacting with said blade to divide said chamber into'two compartments. 1

12. The combination of a casing having an inner vcylindrical chamber; an oscillating shaft extending through said chamber and one wall of said casing; said shaft having two sets of ports; aradial blade on said shaft extending to the walls of said chamber; a'fixed stud extending into .a socket in" the inner end of saidshaft and; provided with two diametrical passages adapted to register with said ports a valve in one .of said passages adapted to permit the flow of liquid in one direction only; a partition coacting with said blade todivide said chamber into two compartments ;7 and a by-paSsthrOugh said shaft always communicating with both compartments. V, a

13. The combination of a casing having aninner cylindricalchamber; an oscillating shaftextending through said chamber and one wallof said casing, said shaft having 'twosets of triangular ports; a radial blade on said shaft extending tothe Walls of said chamber; -a fixed stud extending into a socket in the inner end of said shaft and provided with t'wo dist-metrical passages adapted to-register with said ports; a valve in'one of said passa'ges adapted to permit the fiowof liquid} in one-direction only; and a partition coa'cting withsaid blade to divide said chamber into (two compartments. HST-he combinationof'a casingv having an inner cylindrical chamber; an oscillating shaft extending through said chamber and one wall of said casing, s aid shaft having two sets of qppositelyf disposed ports;a radial blade on said shaft extendingfto the walls; of said chamber ;,a ;fix ed stud. extending'pinto asocket in theinner end 0ffvsaid shaft and provided with two diametrical passages" to register withsaid ports; avalve 'i'n one of said. passagesadapted to nesn t ifiq i p liq id in n dire ti 'diametrical passages adapted to register with said-ports; a valve in one of said passages'adapted to permit the flow of liquid in one direction only; and a partition coacting with' said blade to divide said chamberinto two compartments. I

Signed by me at 294 Washington St, Boston, Massachusetts, this 8th day of September, 1928. r FREDERICK T. ELLIOTT. 

